15. Applications of Geospatial Information

This course addresses the main methodological aspects behind the use of geospatial technology for monitoring agriculture and agri-environment and for producing reliable and timely agriculture and agri-environmental statistics. Advantages, constraints and requirements of the use of geospatial technology are highlighted. Various statistical aspects are analysed, such as main types of probability sample surveys based on area sampling frames and corresponding estimation methods, the use of remote sensing data at the design level (area frame construction and stratification) as well as at the estimator level. Finally, the impact on estimates of spatial resolution, change of support and transformations of spatial data is addressed.

1. Elements of statistical inference and sampling techniques

• Elements of estimation theory
• Design based sampling techniques

2. Probability sample surveys for exploiting geospatial information

• List and area sampling frames
• Area frame construction and stratification
• Optimisation of area sample designs
• Sample allocation
• Multiple frame sample surveys
• Master sampling frames

3. Estimation methods using geospatial information

• Associating segments with reporting units
• Sampling circles and farms by points and related estimators
• Multiple frame estimators

4. Statistical issues of classification of Sentinel data

• Accuracy assessment of classification of Sentinel data
• Analysis of stability, robustness and bias of classification methods

5. Improving the precision of estimates with classified satellite data as auxiliary variables

• Regression and calibrating estimators
• Small area estimators
• Yield estimation models

6. Impact on estimates of spatial resolution, change of support and transformations of spatial data